Software Engineering Tutorials

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Software Engineering Tutorials

2. A good test case is one that has a high probability of finding an as yet undiscovered error. 3. A successful test is one that uncovers an as yet undiscovered error. Testing should systematically uncover different classes of errors in a minimum amount of time
and with a minimum amount of effort. A secondary benefit of testing is that it demonstrates that
the software appears to be working as stated in the specifications. The data collected through
testing can also provide an indication of the software's reliability and quality. But, testing cannot
show the absence of defect -- it can only show that software defects are present. White Box Testing White box testing is a test case design method that uses the control structure of the procedural
design to derive test cases. Test cases can be derived that 1. guarantee that all independent paths within a module have been exercised at least once, 2. exercise all logical decisions on their true and false sides, 3. execute all loops at their boundaries and within their operational bounds, and 4. exercise internal data structures to ensure their validity. The Nature of Software Defects Logic errors and incorrect assumptions are inversely proportional to the probability that a
program path will be executed. General processing tends to be well understood while special
case processing tends to be prone to errors. We often believe that a logical path is not likely to be executed when it may be executed on a
regular basis. Our unconscious assumptions about control flow and data lead to design errors that
can only be detected by path testing. Typographical errors are random. Basis Path Testing This method enables the designer to derive a logical complexity measure of a procedural design
and use it as a guide for defining a basis set of execution paths. Test cases that exercise the basis
set are guaranteed to execute every statement in the program at least once during testing. Flow Graphs Flow graphs can be used to represent control flow in a program and can help in the derivation of the basis set. Each flow graph node represents one or more procedural statements. The edges
between nodes represent flow of control. An edge must terminate at a node, even if the node
does not represent any useful procedural statements. A region in a flow graph is an area bounded
by edges and nodes. Each node that contains a condition is called a predicate node. Cyclomatic
complexity is a metric that provides a quantitative measure of the logical complexity of a