KPA ---- Key Process Areas
In the Second level ie., the CMM Repeatable Process is characterized by a commitment
to discipline in carrying out a software development project. And is achieved by : Requirements
management, software project planning, software project tracking and oversight, software
subcontract management, software quality assurance, software configuration management.
In the Third level ie., the CMM Defined Process is to guide the structuring and
evaluation of a software project. And is achieved by : Organisational process focus and
definition, training program, software product engineering, intergroup coordination, peer
reviews.
In the Fourth level ie., the CMM Managed Process is for data gathering and analysis
and managing software quality. And is achieved by : Quantitative process management,
Software quality management.
In the Fifth level ie., the CMM Optimizing Process is associated with defect
prevention, automation of the software process wherever possible, and methods for improving
software quality and team productivity and shortening development time.
Validation occurs whenever a system component is evaluated to ensure that it satisfies system
requirements.
Verification consists in checking whether the product of a particular phase satisfies the
conditions imposed at that phase.
Software Evolution : This is characterized by genotypes and phenotypes.
A genotype provides information about a member of a population.
A phenotype characterizes the behavior of a population member.
Evolution pattern = where || why || what || when || how || by-whom.
Software Life-Cycle : This is the period of time beginning with a concept for a software product
and ending whenever the software is no longer available for use.
The Software life-cycle typically includes the following: Requirements, Analysis,
Design, construction, testing (Validation), installation, operation, maintenance, and retirement.
Several models (spiral, waterfall etc.) have been proposed to describe this process.
Software Life-Cycle Model represents the activities, their inputs and outputs and their
interactions during the life-cycle.
Software Life-Cycle Models :
What is Software Engineering ?
The application of a systematic, disciplined, quantifiable approach to development,
operation, and maintenance of software; that is, the application of engineering to software.
The specification, development, management, and evolution of software systems.
A discipline whose aim is the production of quality software, delivered on time, within
budget, and satisfying users' needs.
Designing and developing high-quality software. Application of computer science
techniques to a variety of problems.
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