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Counseling Astrology Advice | Tarot Advice | Parenting Dating Advice | Love Advice | Divorce Advice Legal Advice | Debt Advice | Career Advice Garbage Collection What is garbage collection? Garbage collection is a mechanism that allows the computer to detect when an object can no longer be accessed. It then automatically releases the memory used by that object (as well as calling a clean-up routine, called a "finalizer," which is written by the user). Some garbage collectors, like the one used by .NET, compact memory and therefore decrease your program's working set. How does non-deterministic garbage collection affect my code? For most programmers, having a garbage collector (and using garbage collected objects) means that you never have to worry about deallocating memory, or reference counting objects, even if you use sophisticated data structures. It does require some changes in coding style, however, if you typically deallocate system resources (file handles, locks, and so forth) in the same block of code that releases the memory for an object. With a garbage collected object you should provide a method that releases the system resources deterministically (that is, under your program control) and let the garbage collector release the memory when it compacts the working set. Can I avoid using the garbage collected heap? All languages that target the runtime allow you to allocate class objects from the garbage- collected heap. This brings benefits in terms of fast allocation, and avoids the need for programmers to work out when they should explicitly 'free' each object. The CLR also provides what are called ValueTypes--these are like classes, except that ValueType objects are allocated on the runtime stack (rather than the heap), and therefore reclaimed automatically when your code exits the procedure in which they are defined. This is how "structs" in C# operate. Managed Extensions to C++ lets you choose where class objects are allocated. If declared as managed Classes, with the __gc keyword, then they are allocated from the garbage-collected heap. If they don't include the __gc keyword, they behave like regular C++ objects, allocated from the C++ heap, and freed explicitly with the "free" method. For additional information about Garbage Collection see: Garbage Collection: Automatic Memory Management in the Microsoft .NET Framework Garbage Collection, Part 2: Automatic Memory Management in the Microsoft .NET Framework |
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